About the report:

What I get:

When I decide to use Pixnet to make this report, it is going well at first. But several minutes later, things changed. Every photo isn't able to put on the net directly. And this is a big problem because you’ll need to make words and photos into two parts.

What I think:

If there will be another report like this next time, I’ll try to find another way to do it. Okay complain is over, time to say something about my feeling. When I’m making this blog, it really recall me the time we stay in the LAB and using that electronic balance. It’s always a long time to wait unless you’re fast. Yep this report may be hard to do because the system, but it is still good to see those photos.

微量金奈米粒子的合成及鑑定

實驗介紹

本實驗是利用檸檬酸納（Na₃C₆H₅O₇）為還原劑，還原四氯金酸（HAuCl₄）的金離子為金屬金，用檸檬酸納當作分散劑製得金奈米粒子，並應用廷得耳效應（Tyndall effect）和繞射作用（diffraction）等來鑑定合成的奈米級金粒子。本次微量實驗直接使用未用過的小玻璃瓶含鐵夫龍蓋和PE滴管。再者，裝在小玻璃瓶內未用完的金奈米粒子溶液可以帶回家永久保存。

實驗原理

一、奈米材料

實驗簡介

本實驗的目的係利用DVD空白光碟或廢棄光碟片作為簡易光學分光的元件－反射型光柵，對平行入射光源進行分光。使用日常家用的廢棄紙盒結合DVD光碟，製作一個DVD分光器。藉由肉眼觀察分光器產生的光譜，並且利用具有近焦和自動對焦功能的數位照相機或手機拍攝光譜帶和光譜線。同時嘗試利用自由軟體ImageJ對光譜譜線進行定量分析。

一般而言，CD或DVD光碟片內部有許多等距的和平行的鋸齒狀凹槽，分別如圖一和圖二所示。光碟片的主要結構從上到下主要分為五層，即為基板、記錄層、反射層、保護層和印刷層。光線經過CD或DVD光碟的刻痕在反射層的作用下，發生干涉後，可以達到分光的效果而形成光譜帶和光譜線，此CD或DVD相當於分光器中分光鏡的作用。

圖一 CD光碟片內部有平行的鋸齒狀凹槽

（圖片來源：http://volga.eng.yale.edu/index.php/CDsAndDVDs/MethodsAndMaterials）

Experiment date: 2013/12/27

1. Principle:

Rate of reaction can be show as Rate = K[A]^x[B]^y. And then the order of reaction should be x & y, rate constant is a stationary value.

Experiment date: 2013/12/21

1. Principle:

Rate of reaction can be show as Rate = K[A]^x[B]^y. And then the order of reaction should be x & y, rate constant is a stationary value.

Experiment date: 2013/12/13

1. Principle:

We want to make zinc reaction with acid but not the iron. So we can use the volumetric of H2 to know how many Zn is used. Dalton's law, means the pressure of a mixture of gases can be disperse by the amount of every gas. Like the follow formula:

Experiment date: 2013/12/6

1. Principle:

EDTA is a kind of Chemical with 6 ligands, and is used very often. EDTA is also a kind of acid, so sometimes we use H₄Y as EDTA. It is often use with EBT. And we often write down as H₃In and will become H₂In^- in water. When pH is about 7~11, most of it will become HIn^2-,and can catch Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Zn²⁺, and Hg²⁺, and become a red chelate. When the pH is more than 11, then HIn^2- will lose one more H and become In^3- (orange).

Experiment date: 2013/10/29

1. Principle:

We’ll learn how to use lodine to titration the Vitamin C in juice or Vitamin C

Experiment date: 2013/11/15

Principle:

Eggshell is made of many inorganic mineral and some protein. And the most inorganic mineral is CaCO₃, with some MgCO₃ and CaPO₄. Because CaCO₃ is hard to dissolute in water so we’ll use HCl to do it.

2 HCl + CaCO₃ ----> Ca²⁺ + CO₂ + H₂O+ 2 Cl^-

Thought this can’t use to titration CaCO₃, we still can use it to do acid-base back titration. And we use NaOH as the base.

Experiment date: 2013/10/18

1. Principle:

Phenolphthalein（酚酞）is usually used as a pH Indicators, and actually it has 4 different forms in acid or base. We want to use the simple way to make it, and to see how it works. The following is the pH- Phenolphthalein form table.

Experiment date: 2013/11/1

Principle:

Recrystallization is a way to purify chemicals. In this experiment, the solvent is playing an important part. We need to choose the right ones to make it useful. There are two way that usually used. the first one, just heat the solvent and put the thing what you want to pure. Then cold the solvent and the chemical you put will came back to solid. The second one is by using two difference of the solubility between two solvent. This two solvent should have two solubility. One is high and one is low. Heat the higher one and dissolute the chemical in it. Then put the other solvent in it until it start to smoke and won’t disappear for five second.

        And about recycling Al. Alum can grow in the solvent with X³⁺ and Y^-. in the right situation it can be a crystal.

Chemicals and their Properties:

 Experiment date: 2013/10/25

First Experiment

1. Principle: